Le camicie nere e os camisas verdes: o legado da inspiração fascista no pensamento político da extrema direita brasileira e as afrontas ao estado democrático de direito

Abstract

Fascism is a political and ideological movement characterized by its authoritarian, nationalist, and anti-democratic tendencies. In the Italian case, fascism led by Benito Mussolini established a dictatorial regime that promoted the supremacy of the State, the suppression of individual rights, and the exaltation of the charismatic leader. In Brazil, integralism was a far-right movement inspired by Italian fascism, led by Plínio Salgado, which sought to establish an authoritarian state based on nationalist and corporatist principles. This article aims to analyze whether the fascist inspiration still influences the Brazilian far right and whether it poses any threat to the democratic rule of law. For the development of this project, the Hermeneutic Method was employed, using the techniques of Heuristics, Criticism, and Interpretation. It was found that characteristics of fascism, such as the cult of the leader, the delegitimization of democratic institutions, and the incitement to violence, prevail in the Brazilian far right, represented, for example, by Jair Bolsonaro. Consequently, it can be inferred that this influence threatens the democratic rule of law by undermining the fundamental principles of democracy, weakening institutions, and promoting a climate of polarization, political intolerance, and disrespect for fundamental rights.