Avaliação de uniformidade de distribuição de água em um pivô central no município de Alegrete-RS

Abstract

With the high competitiveness of the agricultural sector, it is becoming more necessary to use irrigation to make profitable farming practices. Irrigation systems have a long service life, so one must consider the energy costs and maintenance of equipment. The use of improperly water, because of poor sizing and lack of maintenance of them contribute to the shortcomings of equipment that require constant evaluation to verify their efficiency and identify possible faults and solutions. Therefore, we seek to identify, through uniformity coefficient, potential problems in the application of water in the irrigation system through central pivot. The objective of this study is to evaluate the uniformity of water distribution and the application efficiency of irrigation type center pivot systems in the municipality of Alegrete-RS to optimize system performance. Will be evaluated four types of uniformity coefficient, the most known and used in the literature, which are: coefficient of uniformity of Christiansen (CUC), distribution uniformity coefficient (CUD), statistical uniformity coefficient (CUE) and uniformity coefficient Hart (CUH). Another important parameter to be determined is the application efficiency (Ae). As well as the speed of displacement of the system of 4 m/min and the total area under irrigation system, which was 55,41 hectares. In addition to plotting a map with the equipment assessed. With this study it was observed that the irrigation system is operating with a good uniformity of water distribution, despite the blade calculated by the system flow rate be greater than the blade collected. The values found for the coefficients of uniformity, demonstrate that the equipmentffers good performance, but for the CUH MAN and the CUE had a bad efficiency. In this way it was possible to present to producers, this area, what are the operating conditions of your irrigation system, in order that it may take the necessary measures for improvements in your system. The efficiency of application presented a good performance, getting with 80.7% efficiency.