Análise e aplicação de laser scanner terrestre em mineração de calcário na estimativa da seletividade de lavra

Abstract

In recent years, technology has been advancing rapidly in the most diverse sectors of the mining industry, both in terms of equipment and in the industrial processes themselves. In this sense, the 3D terrestrial laser scanner is one of these technological advances that, recently, has become used in mine surveying. The 3D information captured by the laser scanner is complemented with digital image data, through a dense cloud of points associated with the reflectance of the minerals present in the rocks, information that is able to provide a distinction between the various lithologies present in the field of view. of the scan performed by the equipment. These lithologies result from a great geological variability, which is one of the parameters that needs maximum possible control over its behavior, as it is directly related to the mining of the ore, affecting the dilution of the material of interest and, therefore, should be considered in the planning of mining advances. In this sense, the present work was proposed seeking to identify and quantify the dilution of the ore present in the benches in a limestone mining in the region of Caçapava do Sul, with the aid of the laser scanner and its computational tools. Surveys were carried out throughout 2019 and 2020, with the analysis of the results involving four stages, namely: (i) analysis of reflectance and definition of the point of distinction between ore and barren; (ii) dilution analysis using the reflectance of the rocks using the Reconstructor® software; (iii) comparative analysis between the dilution calculation methods used by the company and the previous methodology and; (iv) elaboration of an alternative methodology for automating the dilution calculation present in the benches. The results showed that the values obtained from dilution using the Reconstructor® software are the most reliable, the methods of analysis through the software provide great precision in the recognition of the mineral and sterile areas, in addition to the ambient color imaging technique we also have the presence the reflectance that demonstrates values in the form of colors to assist us in the identification of lithologies, thus, what the eyes do not see reflectance accurately demonstrates with reality, thus making it an advantageous work for the company, favoring greater knowledge about its deposit and even more specific control in the mining advances of each bench.