Adaptabilidade e estabilidade em aveia forrageira

Abstract

Currently, in the southern half of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), rice monoculture or succession of crops is common, where oat pastures are observed, an alternative to contribute to the economic sustainability of cultivated areas. In this sense, plant breeding assumes importance, seeking to reduce the effect of the environment through genetic constitutions with better performance. Thus, the parameters of adaptability and stability are a great tool to assess and provide accurate information about the interaction between genotypes and the environment. The objective of the work was to evaluate the adaptability and stability of oat cultivars in six agricultural years, in Itaqui, on the Western Frontier of Rio Grande do Sul. The cultivars used were, for black oats: IPR Cabocla, UPFA 21 - Moreninha and Iapar 61 (Ibiporã), and for white oats: IPR Esmeralda, Fundacep Fapa 43 and IPR Suprema evaluated in six agricultural years: 2013, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019. The methodologies used were based on simple linear regression, bisegmented regression and non-parametric analyzes. Based on the results of the analysis of variance, a significant interaction between cultivars and years of cultivation was verified. It is possible to affirm that IPR Cabocla and IPR Esmeralda have adaptability to unfavorable environments, while Fundacep Fapa 43 and IPR Suprema demonstrated adaptability to favorable environments. For the other cultivars, in addition to the information provided by the methodologies, it is necessary to observe the dry matter production averages in each year to have more clarity in performance. For forage production in the evaluated environments, the methodologies used together provide good information regarding the cultivars.