Caracterização físico-química e potencial antioxidante de cultivares de morangueiro em dois estágios de maturação

Abstract

Strawberries are part of the group of small fruits, which, in addition to being nutritious, have compounds with antioxidant properties, such as phenolic compounds, anthocyanins and vitamin C. The objective of this work was to carry out the physicalchemical and antioxidant characterization of nine strawberry cultivars, in two maturation stages, in a soil production system, grown on the western border of Rio Grande do Sul. The experiment was carried out in the city of Itaqui - RS, in the experimental area and in the laboratory of the Federal University of Pampa. Nine strawberry cultivars were evaluated: Camino Real, Fronteras, Mercedes, Camarosa, Albion, Portola, Aromas, San Andreas and Monterey. The fruits were harvested when they presented 75% or 100% of the surface with red color. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and the means compared by the Scott-Knott test, at 5% probability, with the aid of the SISVAR and SAS (Statistical Analysis System) software. In terms of metric characteristics, the cultivars that stood out were Albion, Fronteras, Mercedes, Portola and Monterey. For cultivation, the cultivars that stood out were Fronteras, Camarosa and Albion. In terms of physico-chemical characteristics, the cultivars that stood out were Camino Real, Mercedes, Fronteras and Monterey. In terms of antioxidant characteristics, the cultivar that stood out was Camino Real. Regarding the maturation stage, colorimetric evaluations, as well as titratable acidity and phenolic compounds, showed higher values at the 75% harvest point. The SST, the SST / AT ratio and the total anthocyanins obtained higher levels at the 100% maturation point. There was no difference between the stages for pH, vitamin C and antioxidant capacity.