Propagação de plantas olerícolas e frutíferas

Abstract

Brazilian horticulture is of great worldwide relevance, Brazil is one of the largest producers of fruits and vegetables in the world and one of the main exporters of fruit. This review aims to present information regarding the propagation techniques, use of growth regulators, types of substrate and the different containers used for the propagation of vegetable and fruit plants. Propagation can be carried out via seeds or by grafting, cutting, plunging, rhizomes, stolons, rhizomes and shoots. Most vegetable plants are propagated via seeds, although there are exceptions such as the potato that is propagated via tubers. The most used propagation method for fruit propagation is grafting, with the use of seeds to obtain rootstocks in most cases. The wide scale lending of micropropagation is still low due to the high cost. The use of rooting inductors, with synthetic inductors such as AIB, AIA and ANA being widely used by producers to increase the efficiency of cutting techniques. The proper choice of containers for propagation is of paramount importance, where the volume of the container can interfere with the development of the plant. Another important factor is the quality of the substrate to be used, in addition to nutritional quality, the substrate must present excellent sanity, allowing the production of quality seedlings. Knowing the propagation method, the volume of the propagation container suitable for the species to be produced and the quality of the substrate is very important for the success of the production of vegetable and fruit plants.