Aceleração da produção de mudas hortícolas propagadas de forma sexuada

Abstract

Horticulture encompasses the areas of production of fruits, vegetables, ornamental flowers, medicinal and seasoning plants, this sector moves billions of reais annually, in addition to generating a large amount of jobs. The production of seedlings sexually is widely used in the horticultural area, where the use of techniques to obtain seedlings of quality and in an accelerated way is of great importance. The objective of the work was to identify and discuss trougth a bibliographic review which substances that can accelerate the development of vegetable seedlings propagated in a sexual way. The use of plant regulators, biostimulants and osmotic conditioning have several functions in the metabolism of plants. Plant regulators can inhibit, promote or modify physiological and morphological processes of the plant, among which, auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins have great interference in the initial processes of plant development, these substances act on germination, division and cell elongation, promoting growth of roots, branches, stems and leaves. Biostimulants include amino acids, seaweed extract, microorganisms inoculation and the association of plant regulators, promoting beneficial effects on germination and vegetative growth of seedlings. The osmotic conditioning technique is used to benefit aspects related to seed germination and emergence, by soaking the seeds in a controlled environment using different osmotic conditioners. The use of these tools can accelerate the development and give better quality to the seedlings, positively interfering in productivity.