Índia: uma democracia em desenvolvimento considerada a farmácia do mundo

Abstract

This work describes the history of the pharmaceutical industry in India. In view of this, it is necessary to contextualize and identify the path traced by this sector, with fundamental importance for domestic demand and for the whole world, in addition to its performance in the world economy, becoming a relevant international actor. The analysis of how the Indian government's internal policies projected the country on the world stage defines the direction of the Indian pharmaceutical industry. The objective of the work is to analyze how the internal policies of the Indian government projected the country on the world stage, through the pharmaceutical industry to be considered the pharmacy of the world. Examine India's post-independence rise in the light of world-system theory. Investigate the history of the Indian pharmaceutical industry, analyzing state investments in the sector and the importance for development. Verify if India managed to occupy the position of world player overcoming the constraints of the international system. Having the hypothesis that India achieved its position due to the promotion by the Indian government of public policies in R&D. From the results obtained, it was found that the policies adopted by the government actually interfere in a crucial way and even though most companies are focused on the lower and intermediate layers in terms of technological complexity, several Indian companies operate in segments of greater added value. like new drugs. India has emerged on the economic and political scene in recent decades mainly due to its development in the field of Information Technology. It is argued that the success occurred due to the two necessary periods, first the protection period, and then the economic liberalization in the 1990s. It is observed how the dynamics of the world-economy shaped the development of the pharmaceutical industry in the country. It stands out for the acquisition of skills for the production of medicines; regulation through the granting of process patents to a local corporation; using reverse engineering to produce highly cost-effective, high quality drugs at low prices. India has built a strongly consolidated production structure based on generic drugs, with which it is able to meet domestic demand and export to several countries around the world, overcoming system constraints.