A política de combate às drogas no Brasil: um estudo de caso da questão do narcotráfico na região de Ponta Porã e Pedro Juan Caballero (1999-2016)

Abstract

The main objective of this research is to analyze Brazilian public policies to the fight against drug trafficking on the Brazil-Paraguay border from 1999 to 2016, for this purpose, necessary to understand how drug trafficking has become a common enemy of the community International. It was found that the issue of drug prohibition is closely linked with the domestic prohibitionist policy of the United States that became characteristic of the its foreign policy during the 20th century. This internationalization of the fight against drugs, strongly reflected in Latin American countries, through initiatives led by the Americans in favor of combating international drug trafficking, especially in countries Andeans who were considered major producers of narcotics such as marijuana and cocaine. This international history was reflected in the formulation of Brazilian drug laws, which received greater attention in the late 1990s during the government of Fernando Henrique Cardoso, from the creation of bodies such as the Ministry of Defense in 1999 and the National Antidrugs Association (SENAD), in the same year. With that, the successor governments of FHC until 2016, follow a constancy with regard to the policy to combat drugs in Brazil, having some improvements during the administrations of Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff. However, the effectiveness of these laws and public policies implemented during the respective administrations, pass to be questioned due to the increase in homicide rates and overcrowding of the system Brazilian prison. In addition, the birth of factions such as the First Command da Capital (PCC) and Comando Vermelho (CV), which ended up expanding to the cities Brazilian borders, such as Ponta Porã and Pedro Juan Caballero, directly impacting the routine of civilians and in the public safety of these municipalities, so that the measures adopted by the federal government over these years, were not enough to stop the proliferation of drug trafficking of drugs and violence in these locations