Dos programas de transferência de renda condicionada universais: uma análise das propostas para o Brasil após auxílio emergencial

Abstract

Cash transfer programs act as important factors in reducing poverty, helping beneficiaries to escape poverty or extreme poverty, providing access to basic rights. The discussion of the need to propose a universal basic income has been taking place with the current scenario experienced around the world. With the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic, unemployment grows in the country, as well as a likely even greater increase in social vulnerability after the end of emergency aid. In this perspective, this work seeks to analyze the proposals for income transfer programs that arise in the context of the economic crisis caused by Covid-19 and classify them between conditional and universal transfer programs. Analyzing the existing proposals for the implementation of a universal basic income, estimated results were presented in terms of the value that the benefit may have, the number of the population to be served and impacts on income distribution and inequality. For this research, the deductive method was used, starting from the general and, then, to the particular. A review of existing literature was presented to define universal and focused cash transfer programs, as well as a literature review of the results of evaluations of focused cash transfer programs that existed and still exist in Brazil; and an analysis of secondary data and qualitative analysis of the proposals. The results show that the proposals for income transfer programs are of the universal type, that is, they reach a larger portion of the population.