Projeto de um LNA de ultra-baixa tensão com baixa sensibilidade a variações de processo para receptores RF de baixa potência

Abstract

The low power consumption requirements of Internet of Things (IoT) applications have increased the demand for low power RF receivers. Among the blocks of a typical RF receiver, the Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) is the block that most dissipates power from RF receivers, dissipating around 40% of the RF receiver power. This work seeks its optimization for low power, exploring the operation at low voltage. Low voltage operation makes circuit design difficult and increases sensitivity to process and temperature variations. Thus, an inverter-based LNA with improved bias circuit and low sensitivity to process variations was designed. In addition, voltage and current calibration methods were explored to reduce circuit variations and the use of a new biasing metric. A 40kÅ UTM CMOS 180 nm process is used to operate at the frequency of 2.4 GHz. Two versions of LNA are presented, the first using the output voltage calibration and a second version using both voltage and current calibrations and the biasing metric. LNAs have a low power supply, with VDD equal to 0.4 V and consume 170 and 144 μW of power for the first and second versions, respectively. The other specifications are within the average values found in the literature. Keywords: Low Noise Amplifier, Internet Of Things, Automatic Calibration Circuit.