Qualidade do leite comercializado informalmente no município de Itaqui-RS

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of the raw milk informally sold in the city of Itaqui, RS, by means of physico-chemical and microbiological determinations, and research for fraud and foreign substances. Were evaluated 11 samples of raw milk purchased directly from producers, being initially identified and transported immediately to the Laboratories of the Federal University of Pampa (campus Itaqui) to quality research. Were performed physical-chemical analysis of density, fat and protein content, total dry extract, solids-non-fat, titratable acidity and proof of alcohol. For the qualitative research of fraud was evaluated in the presence of chlorine and hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, formaldehyde, starch, sucrose, urine and bicarbonates. The samples were also evaluated, as well as the somatic cell count (SCC) and total bacterial count (TBC). The results obtained were compared with the patterns of Normative Instruction 62/2011. The percentage of samples in disagreement was 63.6% for SCC and 72.7% for TBC. All samples showed values of protein within the standards. Only the sample 7 show density value in disagreement with the legislation, already for the values of fat, four samples did not meet the minimum requirements (3%) and 63.6% of the samples showed acidity values above allowed. As the presence of foreign or fraudulent substances was detected the presence of bicarbonates in sample 8 and it was found the presence of antibiotics in 36.3% of the samples. It was observed that all milk sold was in disagreement with the current legislation in at least one of the parameters evaluated. Since this product is sold in a clandestine manner, the results obtained show the lacks of hygiene during the obtainment and manipulation of milk and therefore, your consumption without any hygiene control may represent a hazard to the consumer health.