Qualidade fisiológica de sementes de girassol (Helianthus annuus) submetidas a diferentes tratamentos químicos

Abstract

The Sunflower is a plant native to the Americas, which was used as food by Native Americans, mixed with other vegetables. In the world, its importance began in the eleventh century and today is because it is the fifth most important source in the production of edible vegetable oil. However, as other crops, sunflower during its cycle suffers exposure to pathogens such as fungi, nematodes and insects. The experiment was conducted in the laboratory seed the Federal University of Pampa, in a completely randomized design with four replicate and four treatments in both cultivars. The treatments tested were: the recommended doses of fludioxonil 200 mL/100 kg of seeds, cultivars BRS 321 and 358 Helium, thiamethoxam 200 mL/100 kg of seeds in the 321 and BRS 358 Helium, fludioxonil thiamethoxam + 200 mL/100 kg seed + 200 mL/100 kg of seeds to cultivars BRS 321 and 358 and Helio also a witness for each of the cultivars without application. The variables evaluated were a thousand seed weight, germination, germination rate, cold test, accelerated aging, seedling length, seedling fresh and dry weight of seedlings. In general seed treatment in the cultivar Helio 358 led to a better development of sunflower seedlings compared to BRS 321. Among the treatments for both BRS 321 or 358 Helium fungicide fludioxonil + tiametoxan the insecticide showed the lowest values in the variables: cold test and accelerated aging, since the length of seedlings and fresh treatment was more efficient in both cultivars. Therefore, this research was to evaluate the effects of different chemical treatments on the physiological quality of sunflower seeds.