Fenologia e produção de cultivares de morangueiro

Abstract

The objective of this work was to study the reproductive phenology, phyllochron and production of strawberry cultivars in the western region of Rio Grande do Sul. The experiment was carried out using a completely randomized design in 2019, with four cultivars: Albion, Mercedes, Camino Real and Borders. For each cultivar 10 plants were used, and each plant was considered a repetition. Phyllochron, reproductive phenology, yield and fruit size were analyzed. The phyllochron was defined by counting the leaves from the crown twice a week, being related to the accumulated thermal sum necessary for the continuous appearance of leaves. Phenological evaluations were performed daily, defining the time and the thermal sum required for anthesis, fruiting and staining until harvest. Harvesting took place from July until the end of October. Each fruit was harvested, weighed and the vertical and horizontal measurements of the fruits of each cultivar were made. In relation to the phyllochron, cultivar Fronteiras needs lower STa for the emission of a successive leaf, cultivar Albion was the cultivar with lower speed for leaf appearance. The cultivar Albion indicated greater need for thermal sum accumulation in fruiting and total reproductive cycle (anthesis until harvest). The cultivar Camino Real presented 3.32 days of anthesis, having a longer flowering time than the other cultivars. The cultivar Fronteiras had the highest yield, with 247.3 g plant-¹, surpassing the other cultivars. Regarding the number of fruits, the cultivar Camino Real presented the highest average among the cultivars, with 11.6 fruits plant-¹. Through the metric analyzes the cultivar Fronteiras exhibited the largest dimensions, both in transverse diameter and vertical diameter.