Assimetrias de força muscular influenciam assimetrias na cinemática da marcha de idosas?

Abstract

Asymmetries in muscle strength are frequently suggested as predictors of asymmetries in gait kinematics, which increase gait variability and risk of falls. However, few studies have investigated if asymmetries in muscle strength correlate with gait asymmetries. In this study, our objective was to determine if asymmetries in lower limb strength are related to gait asymmetries in older women. Methods: Twelve older women were evaluated for maximum isometric strength of the lower limbs and gait kinematics during walking at preferred speed, along a 10 meter long flat walkway. Asymmetry index was determined for hip, knee and ankle strength, and for gait spatial variables. The correlation between the asymmetry indexes in force and gait was verified. There was a moderate correlation between the asymmetry index of step length and strength of hip extensors (r = 0.57; p = 0.04). For the other muscle groups and gait variables there was no significant correlation. The hip joint has important functions for the movements during gait, and step length asymmetries are considered a risk factor for gait stability. Our results suggest that hip muscle strength of older women should be symmetrical to reduce gait asymmetries, which are associated with less stability during gait.