Influência de exercícios realizados no solo e na água sobre parâmetros funcionais e oxidativos em camundongos

Abstract

Exercise provides improvements in quality of life, prevents chronic disease and reduces the risk of premature death. Research presents tests with different physical exercises, also demonstrating their physiological benefits. In this context, the objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of exercises performed in soil and water on functional and oxidative parameters in mice. The animals were divided into four groups: control, walking, running and swimming; which were adapted for four days to the experimental protocols. Then, the groups were submitted to their exercises for 30 min, without pause, for 14 days. While the control group remained without activity. The weight of the animals and the strength of the front, rear and four paws were evaluated. After euthanasia of the animals, samples of the left gastrocnemius were collected to analyze the ratio of their wet to dry weight; samples of the brain, liver, anterior tibial muscles and right gastrocnemius were collected for analysis of the respective weights relative to the body weight of the animal; Previous blood serum, brain, liver and tibial samples were used for oxidative stress assays (lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation and non- protein thiols). The results showed significant reduction of the groups exercised in the body weight at the end of 14 days, the swimming obtained reduction from the seventh day. The grip strength of the mice after the exercise protocols demonstrated significant gain for the front limbs in the walking and running groups when compared to the control group. While the swimming group obtained an increase of strength in the hind limbs. All exercises increased the grip strength in the four limbs concomitantly. In the dry weight evaluation, there was an increase in the gastrocnemii muscles of the exercised groups. The relative weight of the different animal tissues increased significantly in the brain and anterior tibial samples in the three groups analyzed. The liver decreased in the swimming group. Lipid peroxidation in the brain and anterior tibial decreased significantly in the walking and running groups. Swimming had a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation levels in brain and liver carbonylation samples. The brain of the running and swimming groups showed an increase in non- protein thiols. Phenomenon also observed in samples of anterior tibial of the swimmin group. Thus, the regular practice of walking, jogging or swimming is able to combat obesity, and indirectly, sedentary lifestyle related metabolic syndromes. Notably swimming, which apparently acts most effectively in maintaining body weight and liver benefits. However, studies on the mechanisms of action of these forms of exercise and their effects on disease are needed.