Trabalho infantil no ambiente rural: percepção de professores e escolares do ensino fundamental

Abstract

Rates of child victims of child labor in rural areas are significant and increased over the past decade, as children are placed in a context where social activities are not considered work, but participatory activities with the family. The objective of this study was to identify the perception of teachers and primary schools of the rural environment regarding child labor. The specific objectives were to identify the actions taken for the prevention of child labor and health promotion in rural schools; Identify the difficulties encountered by teachers to address child labor in the rural context; Identify the implications of child labor on school performance. The study setting was a rural school in the city of Uruguaiana. The study had the participation of 35 students and 17 teachers. For the data collection stage was used semi-structured interview, which included a previously defined script. The qualitative study is a research data clipping entitled "Promotion of Field Workers' Health" implemented by PET Surveillance in Health, Federal University of Pampa. The age of the students ranged between nine and 15 years old, and teachers was between 20-60 years old. Six teachers reported having graduate. The data analyzed, four thematic categories emerged: Teachers' perception and scholars on child labor in the rural environment; Actions for the prevention of child labor and health promotion in rural school context; Difficulties encountered by teachers of the rural environment to address the issue; and Implications for the physical and psychological development of school. The results show that the school community needs a support for child labor prevention activities, starting with the preparation of teachers to identify and address the problem. There is also the need for greater community involvement and participation in school activities so that parents and guardians are aware that they should be more participatory and proactive in the education space.