O uso de objetos reais e virtuais no ensino do desenho técnico visando o desenvolvimento de habilidades espaciais

Abstract

Recent explorations related to the development of spatial skills indicate the recurrence of low visualization skills brought by undergraduate students in different areas of knowledge. As researchers and professors, we must consider this a relevant problem for the students academic trajectory, as well as for their professional lives. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the contributions of the implementation of pedagogical strategies focused on the development of spatial visualization skills through the exercise of Architectural Design. It comprises as a study group students entering the second semester of 2020 in the Courses of Architecture and Urbanism and Civil Engineering at the University of the Campaign Region - URCAMP / Bagé. The research developed has a quasi-experimental design with a quantitative / qualitative approach and applied nature. It was carried out through a pedagogical activity based on a methodological model that encourages student contact with real and virtual objects using computer graphics as a support for visualization. Specific pre-tests and post tests were used to measure the abilities of mental rotation and spatial visualization, from which results were obtained, both to support the qualitative analysis and for the quantitative comparisons. The qualitative method called Content Analysis was applied to verify the material resulting from the activity delivered by the students and the Wilcoxon non-parametric test for statistical comparisons between pre-tests and post tests, in order to verify the contributions of the proposed methodology. . The statistical analysis showed that the level of skills of mental rotation and spatial visualization was similar after the application of the pedagogical activity. However, the qualitative analysis indicated that many students showed improved individual results in the post tests, compatible with the good quality of the material resulting from the activity developed, reflecting the influence of the methodology for the progress of spatial visualization skills.