Comparação da qualidade de vida, qualidade de sono e nível de atividade física de idosos participantes e não participantes de um centro de convivência

Abstract

Aging can cause consequences in the individual's health, collaborating to reduce the physical and cognitive ability, which tend to diminish the independence and autonomy of the elderly. Considering the increasing number of elderly people in our country, it is extremely important investigations that consider the conditions that affect the well-being in senescence, so that we can think about strategies for health promotion and disease prevention together with this population. In this context, the aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of life (QL), the quality of sleep (QS) in elderly participants and non-participants of a Community Elderly Health Care House (CEHCH) relating to the level of physical activity. The sample consisted of 31 elderly, some participants of a CEHCH, located in the CRAS (Social Assistance Reference Center) Bela Vista of Uruguaiana/RS and other non-participants, recruited by voluntary (cont). The average age of the resulting sample was 72.96 ± 7.48 years old, with 19.35% males and 80.64% females. Quality of life was assessed by the WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire, the quality of sleep was assessed by the Inventory of Pittsburgh and the level of physical activity by IPAQ. The results were analyzed by t- test for unpaired samples and Pearson's correlation. Values of P ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. We found that participants CEHCH have a better quality of life than non-participants (QL: P = 0.03, 82% CEHCH vs. 75% cont), as well as a better quality of sleep (QS: P = 0,01, 5.05 points CEHCH vs. 8.36 points cont). But the level of physical activity was significantly higher in the group non-participant of the CEHCH (P = 0.01; 998.25min/week CEHCH vs. 1539.54 min/week cont). The quality of life of the elderly evaluated was significantly correlated with sleep quality (R = - 0.5; P = 0.003), however, did not correlate with the level of physical activity (R = - 0.04, P = 0.805). It is perceived that the participation in the CEHCH can contribute to promote a better QL in aging, even when compared to seniors with better level of physical activity, but not participants. Social groups of/to senior citizens are environments enables to achieve an active social life during aging, which seems to be the difference to ensure a better quality of life, since this was the field of quality of life with the highest difference between the groups (P = 0.01). Moreover, these groups work various aspects such as: physical, cognitive, emotional, psychological and social, through activities planned for the comprehensive health care of the elderly, seeking health promotion and disease prevention, being, therefore, an important strategy to ensure the quality of life in old age.