A violência no contexto escolar e em seu entorno a partir da visão dos adolescentes

Abstract

This study aims to identify why the school and its surroundings turned into a violent environment through the eyes of teenagers. This is an exploratory-descriptive research with quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 26 students in the eighth grade, male and female, from a public middle school located in Uruguaiana city, situated in the far west of the Rio Grande do Sul State. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire composed of fourteen questions concerning sociodemographic data and seventeen questions related to violence. The questionnaire on violence was applied before and after the intervention block Module 1, which occurred in July and August 2014. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and percentage. Data were analyzed with descriptivestatistics and percentage. Thus, this research started after the approval by the Ethics Committee on Research, UNIPAMPA, as report 392.235 on 12/09/2013. In the first stage, the following findings were obtained: of the 26 adolescents, 12 (46.1%) have school age compatible with the eighth grade of middle school, 16 (61.5%) men, 18 (69.2%) white, 13 (50%) living with a per capita income of one to two minimum wages, 14 (53.8%) live in a model of diversified family constitution and eight (30.7%) have work activities. On the second stage, related to violence, 22 (51.1%) responded that physical aggression is a form of violence, 11 (25.5%) verbal aggression; 18 (69.2%) responded that they have not experienced situations of violence in social life and 20 (76.9%) have been victims of physical violence outside the school. Of proactive responses, 18 (69.2%) responded that talking is a way to solve the problems, and from negative answers, one (3.8%) responded that physical aggression is the more solving manner; 20 (34.6%) responded that the reasons that led their classmates to fight out of school are issues related to dating, 14 (24.1%) rumors and messages on social networks or to maintain strong reputation. Among the proactive responses, eight (18.6%) indicated that the attitude to witness a fight outside the school was calling an adult, and from negative responses, seven (16.3%) said they watch or leave, 20 (76 9%) reported that they would not practice aggression against another person, although two teenagers (7.7%) responded that they would practice aggression against another person and the reason that would lead them to do it is self-defense or bulling, 16 (31.4%) refer to the reason that causes a person to get into a gang is to become more powerful, 15 (29.4%) being popular, 7 (13.7%) not being humiliated; 26 (52%) find help in the family, 13 (26%) find help in school. Finally, the intervention activities of the extension project on violence, enabled the adolescent student s to make a critical reflection on their actions and behaviors regarding school violence and its surroundings. As well, they can contribute to the planning and implementation of new external or internal activities in order to make this discussion daily in school environment and performed from the initial series, with school and family support.