Análise do óxido nitrico como biomarcador de alterações cardiometabólicas em afrodescendentes na região sul do Brasil

Abstract

The black population has a high cardiometabolic risk, however low incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this context, there seems to be a paradox related to the diagnostic criteria of MetS, which makes the presence of the same is underestimated in blacks. This condition shows the need to look for a more reliable markers of actual pathological conditions and cardiometabolic risk of these individuals. A possible marker is nitric oxide (NO). The dosage metabolic nitrite/nitrate (NOx) have been shown to be associated with certain criteria of the metabolic syndrome, such as obesity and diabetes, however the literature lacks more specific studies to assess whether altered levels of nitric oxide are associated with metabolic and cardiovascular disease among blacks. The aim of this study was to analyze the NOx levels as a marker of cardiometabolic alterations in Brazilian blacks, as well as its relationship with anthropometric, biochemical, inflammatory and oxidative stress in the black population. The study included 202 self-declared black people, mostly women, average age 45 years. Anthropometric assessment showed that most of the study population had an average BMI classified as grade 1 obesity and altered waist circumference. The metabolic syndrome was found in 61% of the sample. NOx levels were distributed in percentiles, the 50% percentile = 122,3μmol / L was chosen as the cutoff point. NOx values <122.3 μmol/L were associated with higher body mass index (p=0.01), waist circumference (p=0.03) and hip circumference (p=0.04). As to biochemical criteria, the NOx was significantly correlated to blood glucose levels (p=0.04), triglycerides (p=0.04), albumin (p=0.03), uric acid (p=0.01) and urea (p=0.05). In inflammatory and oxidative stress assessment, only protein carbonylation (p<0.01) was associated with the NOx, in which the damage was greater in subjects who had NOx values lower than the 50% percentile. There was no association between NOx and the blood profile. To be mainly related to obesity, dyslipidemia, glucose and triglycerides, the NOx was considered a good predictor of cardiometabolic risk in black population, mainly of disease progression as well as being an adapted easily to laboratory test routine and can be programmed in analyzers automatic and semi-automatic, requiring little sample preparation.