Caracterização clínico-laboratorial e epidemiológica de cães com Leishmaniose

Abstract

Leishmaniasis is caused by protozoa, has worldwide distribution and is transmitted by sandfly. It is endemic zoonosis in many localities. In Rio Grande do Sul the first cases in humans occurred in 2008 and in 2009 case occurred in the city of Uruguaiana. Therefore, it is necessary to know clinical and laboratory aspects, besides the epidemiological characteristics of zoonosis. We used test register from Laboratory of Clinical Analyzes of the Hospital Universitário Veterinário HUVet - UNIPAMPA. Hemogram, serum biochemistry parameters (total plasma protein, albumin, globulin, gamma globulin, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, urea) were evaluated and epidemiological data and clinical signs contained anamnesis. The register were divided into two groups: Control Group (CG) consisting of eight dogs negative for Leishmaniasis and Group with Leishmaniasis (GL) composed of 37 dogs positive. Hematological evaluation, the GL had lower mean hematocrit values (P <0.05). Biochemical analyzes, total plasma protein concentrations and globulinemia (P <0.05) and gamma globulinemia (P <0.05) were higher in GL (P <0.05). Albuminemia was lower (P <0.05) in GL. It was observed that animals with leishmaniasis had higher proportion of oligosymptomatic dogs (59.5%). In GL, 51.4% of dogs presented weight loss, and in 32.4% this was first clinical sign observed. In the epidemiological data, it was observed that the majority of the dogs of the CG remained in the intradomiciliary (P <0.05) during the day and night period, unlike the GL that remained during the day and night in the peridomicile (P <0.05). Leishmaniasis dogs were found to be loose (P <0.05) and alone on the street (76.2%). We conclude that dogs with Leishmaniasis presented normocytic normochromic anemia, as well as hyperproteinemia, hyperglobulinemia, hypergammaglobulinemia and hypoalbuminemia. Environment in which they live predisposing factor to infection.