Descrição cariotípica da espécie neotropical Pipra fasciicauda (aves: família pipridae)

Abstract

The Birds Class contains a rich diversity in whole world with 9.702 species listed, and 1.825 of these are registered in Brazil, but despite of that, little is known about the cytogenetics of this group. One of the orders with the biggest number of species of birds, around 5.739, is the Passeriformes, but only about 280 species were karyotyped until now. Pipra fasciicauda belongs to the Pipridae family, which is found in the Neotropical region, they are small frugivorous birds inhabiting the backwoods being the male flashy colorful (bright red, yellowish red and black) and the female more discrete (olive green). The goals of this paper were to describe the Pipra fasciicauda karyotype, do the biometric analysis of their macrochromosomes, build the species ideogram and, bestow to the cytogenetic and taxonomic knowledge about the Pipridae family and Passeriformes Order. To obtain samples it was needed to capture the individuals with fog-net and the cytogenetic analysis material was obtained from the short-term bone narrow technique. After the procedures, it was photographed the best 10 metaphases to karyotype assembling and its further biometric assay, and from these values construct the first ideogram for this species. The 2n=78 number of chromosomes was observed for the species, being formed by 12 pairs of macrochromosomos. The submetacentric morfology was noted for the 1° pair, acrocentric for 2° to the 5° pairs and telocentric for 6° to the 12° pair. The 1° and 3° pairs showed conserved morfology in relation to the birds ancestral karyotype, which possess a group of macrochromosomes that includes the 1° and 2° submetacentric pairs and, the 3° acrocentric pair. The results achieved in this work supplies a set of characters to phylogenetic comparisons between Pipridae family species, being this the first karyotypic description for the Pipra fasciicauda.