Análise da condição camponesa no assentamento São Joaquim em Santana do Livramento/RS: uma recampesinização sustentável?

Abstract

This work proposes to identify and analyze indications of peasant condition from social representations and practices of farmers settled in Settlement São Joaquim, in Santana do Livramento (Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil). According to the consulted literature, perceive that the implementation process of rural settlements represents the repeasantization, because the settlers assume, beyond soil, one condition permeated by restrictions and struggle for autonomy. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the fixation process of farmers in the settlement, in order to point indications of intensification or regression in peasant condition. In the context of the Pampa biome, is analyzed adaptation processes and is questioned the limitations of production strategies forward the local capability. Was used as methodology the qualitative social research, with emphasis on the Social Representations Theory, through script of semi-structured interviews, and also the analysis of satellite images and in loco images, about the usage and the coverage of the soil. The analysis performed, in exploratory way, indicate the following results: a) indications of the peasant condition; b) basic levels of heterogeneity of the elements of peasant condition between settlers; c) indications of repeasantization process in three stages; d) predominance of practices that generate degradation and unfit the limitations and natural potential of the soil. These results lead to consider, lastly, the main potential and the difficulties for sustainable rural development by questioning indications of repeasantization and (un) sustainability.