Análise da geração distribuída para o controle de tensão e potência reativa em sistemas modernos de distribuição

Abstract

The Distributed Generation (GD) is characterized by the production of electricity connected to the distribution network or to the local network of the consumers, using renewable or non-renewable resources, independent of the technology. Excessive use of GD systems connected to the distribution network may cause problems of voltage regulation, compromising the control and protection devices of the system and the reliability, due to the voltage increase in the GD connection point. Therefore, the increase of GD connection to the distribution network has increased the complexity of system operation, compromising the lifespan of electrical cables, protection and voltage control and reactive power equipment. In this context, this work presents an analysis of frequency inverters that performs a photovoltaic data transmission interface with an electric grid, as a new possibility of voltage control and reactive power (volt/VAr) in sets with the usual instruments of control used in electricity distribution networks. The analysis consists of performing the volt/VAr control from the frequency inverter in low or medium voltage networks, where the inverter assists in voltage regulation through the insertion and/or absorption of reactive power in the distribution system. In order to demonstrate the application of the proposed methodology, tests were performed on a standard IEEE 13 bus system in the OpenDSS software, comparing the voltage profiles, position adjustment of voltage control equipment and power factor levels for a given GD penetration index and different inverter operating conditions.