Aplicação de um modelo matemático para uso de sistemas multimodais no escoamento da safra de soja produzida no Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

Brazil is the second largest producer of soybeans in the world and is also the first one to export the grain. The commodity must be transported from rural areas until the port and the charge received in the sale is all predetermined. As a result, the distance interferes in the producer's income, due to the high cost of transportation on usual road routes. An alternative to this is a combination of meshes capable of carrying larger volumes, such as trains. Therefore, an adequate multimodal transport network is essential for minimizing costs. Therefore, the study aims to analyze the costs for the crop’s disposal in Rio Grande do Sul – the third state that grows grains the most in the national scenario, and which has the second largest port in bulk grain ship of the country, that is located in Rio Grande. In this context, the work aims to apply Operational Research techniques, through a Linear Programming Problem, with the purpose of analyzing the solutions of the modal rail or road systems, as well as a multimodal road-rail system. The data will be collected in historical and informative from private companies, as well as from government agencies of the sector. Three scenarios were created with different destination cities for road and rail transhipment. In the end, after applying the Linear Programming Problem in computational resources, an optimal network was designed to minimize the cost, respecting the limitations of each presented scenario.