Avaliação de diferentes métodos de recuperação de áreas degradadas pela mineração de carvão: um estudo de caso na Mina de Candiota - RS

Abstract

Mining is an important economic activity, with direct interface to the environment. One of the main impacts is soil degradation, and the recovery of the area is the means by which this impact can be mitigated. This study aims to characterization of the evolution of the method used to recover this degraded areas by coal mining in the Company Riograndense Mining (CRM), linking to the existing legislation. Aiming to generate subsidies for interpretation of chemical analyzes supplied by the company, were characterized seven sampling of impacted soils under three different recovery methods: Precarious Method (MP), Intermediate Method (MI) and Current Method (MA) and periods in recovery also different in four successive years (2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011). We evaluated the different methods of recovery of mined areas, comparing chemical data of soil built versus soil without interference from mining activity, which from the treatment and submission of data to the cluster analysis, and taking as a criterion to recovery, the approach natural soil, it could be seen that the areas recovered by the method are static precarious, while other feature improvements over the years, it follows also that the response time of recovery of chemical soil was much lower when employed to the current method. Environmental legislation was the first milestone in the evolution perceived, and when coupled with the improvement of the technical solution recovery has, then the method efficient.