Análise da evasão no curso superior em engenharia de produção da Universidade Federal do Pampa: estudo de caso utilizando uma ferramenta da teoria das restrições

Abstract

When considering actions around the dropout phenomenon in Brazil, it is noticeable that these are usually conducted in an individualized way, through institutional or research initiatives. The Ministry of Education holds an annual survey related to the collection of key data of higher education. However, regarding the dropout phenomenon, the latest survey released in 2010, does not provide tools to support the avoidance analysis of indicators or even a standard calculation that allows comparative analysis. This work, through a quantitative and qualitative approach, presents the most relevant causes leading academic abandonment of higher education, in particular the course of the Federal University of Pampa Production Engineering (UNIPAMPA) campus Bagé. The period of analysis of this case study included the years 2012 to 2014, where the data were obtained from the Information System for Education (SIE) and through questionnaires. Data were analyzed from the application of the Theory of Constraints tools, the Current Reality Tree (ARA). The use of ARA enabled the identification of the four most important factors that cause avoidance: successive disapprovals; Competition from other HEIs; working hours and; Financial problems. He suggested to the development of the Future Reality Tree and Clouds Scatter diagram, and future reproductions of this work in other campus courses Bagé and even in other Camper IES, so this research may become wider. It will contribute to a greater number of people will better understand the variables that involve the avoidance phenomenon.