Acolhimento institucional de crianças e adolescentes: desafios à reintegração familiar

Abstract

The purpose of this papper is to study children and adolescents and the right to family and community living, and as delimitation, the family reintegration of children and adolescents in institutional care. Its objective is to identify the challenges present in the process of family reintegration of children and adolescents in an institutional reception environment, in order to contribute to the qualification of the work processes developed by the host institutions with a view to the right to family and community living. The study seeks answers to the following problem: Which limits and / or difficulties are present in the family reintegration process of children and adolescents in an institutional reception situation? It is a qualitative research, built from the critical dialectical framework. Regarding the techniques and instruments of data collection, we used the bibliographic research, which was developed considering the productions available in the Bank of Thesis and Dissertations of CAPES. Para o levantamento de dados, o instrumento utilizado foi um roteiro de perguntas que norteou a análise nas Teses. O trabalho está estruturado em quatro (04) capítulos, os quais abordam as principais categorias teóricas do estudo: Family, the right to family and community life, social processes, institutional reception and family reintegration. The fourth chapter presents the methodological path and finally the results of the research. Considering the proposed objective, the research identified the challenges present in the family reintegration process of children and adolescents in an institutional reception situation. It was verified that the most present challenges in the family reintegration process of these children and adolescents refer to the bureaucratic processes that imply the slowness of decisions and referrals; The denial of the family of origin in accepting the family reintegration of the children / finding no substitute family; The lack of professionals and / or multi professional team to plan actions / interventions aimed at family reintegration and other. Based on the identification and analysis of these challenges, it is understood that the right to family and community coexistence of children and adolescents who are in an institutional reception situation will only be respected when the State invest in the preparation of multi professional teams, for these teams may qualify the work processes with respect to the planning, development and evaluation of the actions undertaken to reverse the institutional reception situation. When the State promotes effective public policies to meet the needs of these families, providing them with means to care for their children, contemplating all the rights provided in art. 4 of the ECA, children and adolescents will be more likely to have guaranteed the right to family and community living. Keywords: Family and community coexistence. Institutional Hosting. Family reintegration. Child and teenager.