Termografia infravermelha aplicada à análise térmica de alvenaria em blocos cerâmicos estruturais

Abstract

Civil construction in Brazil has shown itself, through the years, culturally based on the condition of lower cost, not aiming in the most part of times, the welfare of the user. One of the most used typologies in the construction of buildings is the structural masonry in ceramic blocks, but the blocks currently used have not presented good performance in relation to the thermal insulation of the external vertical closures. In order to boost the use of new technologies or the improvement of the construction methods that already exist, the standards NBR 15575 and NBR 15220 were developed, which describe parameters for the performance of buildings in Brazil. This work aims to discover new materials that can contribute to the thermal performance of buildings built in structural masonry with ceramic blocks. For this, three modified mortars with 30% rubber powder, PET sand and EPS pearls were developed to fill the septa of the blocks. Tests were carried out using the technology of active infrared thermography, so that one of the surfaces of the four constructed prisms was heated through an artificial heat source, considering that one of them had hollow septa and the others were filled with the modified mortars. Opposite side of the prism, the monitoring of the surface temperature was made with the aid of a thermographic camera. Through the thermograms and graphs constructed, it is possible to obtain significant results, presenting temperature gradient, between the temperature of the heat source and the average temperature of the opposite surface of the prism, being that of 2.8 ° C of difference between the hollow prism and the ones filled with mortar modifies with rubber powder. The study obtained several conclusions, including that the filling of the septa contributes to the thermal transmittance, thus contributing to thermal comfort. Another point observed was that the vertical laying mortar is of utmost importance for the non-escape of heat to the internal environment.