Avaliação dos Efeitos Induzidos por Doses Subletais do Organofosforado Triclorfon sobre o Sistema Nervoso de Baratas da Espécie Phoetalia Pallida

Abstract

Sublethal doses of the organophosphate trichlorfon induce behavioral alterations in Phoetalia pallida. At concentrations normally found in the environment, as a result of persistent organophosphate accumulation, trichlorfon inhibited significantly the acetylcholinesterase activity, resulting in a cholinergic over-stimulation. This enzymatic inhibition proved to be potentially toxic to cause the reinforcement of the drive for walking and the increasing grooming activity. The behavioral alterations are mainly developed by changing dopamine pathway regulation, which at least include the activation of DA-D 1 receptors to cause increase of grooming activity. Muscarinic receptors of M 1- subclass were also investigated and showed to be closely related to the increase of behavioral alterations. Neuronal nicotinic interneurons must be involved as d-tubocurarine, was able to decrease the trichlorfon-induced increase of grooming activity. The results point out to the cross-talking between cholinergic and dopaminergic receptors at insect nervous system. They also reinforce the environmental persistence of insecticides and their remaining and important influence on animal nervous system.