Eficientização energética em climatizadores de ar utilizando partida suave na comutação do compressor e desligamentos pré-programados

Abstract

This paper presents a proposal to improve energy efficiency in air conditioners Split model. For the accomplishment of the work was adopted a methodology based on theoretical and study and experimental analyzes with apparatus Splits to understand its operation. From these data an electronic circuit was developed that feeds a control circuit, and power, usually referenced as prototype. The prototype, when powered, turns on the compressor through a rising voltage ramp for 4 seconds, a by-pass relay is activated and the compressor motor is kept on for 7 minutes, after which time the by-pass relay is turned off and a voltage da mpening ramp is imposed on the motor until it stops. The motor remains off for a time of 3 minutes, times that are repeated until the ambient reaches desired temperature programmed by the user or the relay of the original Split system turns off the compressor. Tests comparing the original system and the prototype showed that the installation of the prototype provides better thermal exchange capacity, especially when it is used the environment cooling option. The relative humidity (RH) of the air does not fall as fast in the system with the prototype, but this is a positive aspect for the studied environment, providing better thermal comfort, besides preventing possible problems due to the low humidity of the air. During the tests with and without the prototype installed, the problems of the direct drive of the compressor in the departure, referring to sags of voltage and peaks of electrical current were shown, problem also found during the shutdown of the compressor using the prototype, being unnecessary and even damaging the ramp-off process. In short, the proposed system presented the capacity to reduce electric energy consumption by 27.5%, optimizing the use of the air conditioner and reducing the effects of interference caused by the disturbances of the electric network from the direct drive.