Estudo do uso do solo no município de Manoel Viana- RS e identificação das areas irrigagadas por pivô central através de técnicas de geoprocessamento

Abstract

The increasing use of irrigation by rural producers in the western border of the state of Rio Grande do Sul is a way of ensuring a viable crop yield in the absence of rainfall, as the lack of water at critical periods of crops can have a great negative impact on production. In past scenarios, the state has faced long periods of water deficit, which has hampered agricultural production. One technology that has been highlighting is central-pivot irrigation, especially for summer crops. According to the latest report by the National Water Agency (ANA) in Brazil (2013), irrigation is responsible for 72% of water consumption in the country. Taking into account the importance of the sector for the consumption of the resource, ANA and the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) concluded the survey of irrigated agriculture by central pivots in Brazil in 2013, and the state of Rio Grande do Sul counted With a total area of 76 thousand hectares, while the total area irrigated by central pivot in Brazil was 1.2 million hectares, totaling almost 18 thousand central pivots. In this scenario, the objective of this work was to study the land use in the municipality of Manoel Viana - RS, as well as the identification, spatialization and quantification of central-pivot irrigated areas in the municipality located on the western border of Rio Grande do Sul South. Geoprocessing and reambulation techniques (field visits) were used in order to elaborate thematic maps, as well as the structuring of a database that will contribute to a better understanding of the use of this technology and the use of the soil in the municipality in study. Satellite images were used, with a 5-day time resolution of the Sentinel program belonging to the European Space Agency (ESA). The work will serve as a basis for the development of new research in the region following this technological line. With the database, it will be possible to plan the installation of new equipment for irrigation, helping farmers interested in the development of agriculture in the region, as well as environmental agencies and companies in the agricultural sector. This methodology, if implemented an update / monitoring with a maximum frequency of 5 years, will allow an effective control / planning of the Municipality of Manoel Viana.