Desenvolvimento de compósitos de concreto celular e casca de arroz: caracterização física, mecânica e acústica

Abstract

With the intention of develop materials for sealing environments, homes and buildings with better term acoustic properties than the current ones have been developed for analysis, composite cellular concrete with addition of rice husk. The cellular concrete is mainly known for its low specific weight and its good thermal and acoustic performance. By your turn the rice husk lacks an application that doesn’t degrade the environment, already that the residual shell of rice-growing industry is burned to create energy. Thinking in to create a sustainable destination for the residue, to minimize the retraction of the cellular concrete, to improve flexural strength and acoustic resistance, were developed three composites. To test the performance of the composites were made physical, mechanical and acoustic characterizations. In physical characteristics were determined the specific mass in the moment of molding the body of proof for fresh, in the seventh and twenty-eighth day of cure for the most hardened state. In evaluating the mechanical properties were measured resistance to axial compression and to traction in three point bending. The absorption and sound insulation were evaluated using an impedance tube. The incorporation of rice husk in cellular concrete demonstrated good efficiency, showing improvement in all studied characteristics. The compressive strength composites as well as the conventional cellular concrete followed the logic that the higher the material density, higher will be the resistance. Already for the tensile strength in bending the rice husk improved materials leaving all composites with superior resistance to concrete reference. Ever the sound absorption followed what was determined in the literature review, being that the most porous materials were also the ones who absorb sound. In soundproofing trials all composites with rice husk had better ability to isolate noise from 1250 Hz, not following the patterns observed in the bibliographic reference, in the frequency range of 50 Hz to 1250 Hz there was the relationship that the the higher the specific mass of the material, better is your ability to isolate sound, according determined in the literature review.