Avaliação imunotoxicológica da anacauíta (Schinus molle l.) em cultura celular

Abstract

The use of natural products for the treatment, cure or prevention of disease by population is dated from the earliest times, and despite the numerous advances in science, the use of plants for medicinal purposes, yet is most often the only therapeutic resource many communities and various ethnic groups. It is currently possible to see that despite all the advances in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of synthetic drugs, people still make use of medicinal plants. However, there is a multitude of plants that are not yet known its possible pharmacological effects and / or toxicology. In this context, the Schinus molle L.(Anacardiaceae), popularly known as anacauíta, is a plant rich in essential oil, which has been used as a treatment option for various diseases, and despite its widespread use in therapy, the literature lacks information geared to your immunotoxicology profile. Thus, we investigated the effects of essential oil cytotoxic front parameters, mutagenic and genotoxic in cultured human lymphocytes and macrophages. Initially, the LD50 were determined for both the cells studied by the cell proliferation assay, and then to develop other tests. The LD50 was found to 30.07μg/ml for human lymphocytes and 42.07μg/ml for human macrophages, thus the concentrations to be tested have been identified and these LD50, LD50/10, LD50/100 LD50/1000 and LD50/10000 to the cells in question, and it was found that the essential oil was able to promote cytotoxicity at concentrations above LD50/1000, for both test cells, however, it provides genotoxic effects in macrophage cultures, only the two concentrations and larger when measured against the mutagens parameters, it was found that it does not promote chromosomal abnormalities as well as, did not alter the rate of cell division, although it was able to provide frequency micronucleus concentration dependent on macrophages. However, it is important to stress the importance of knowledge of essential oil constituents of Schinus molle L., for further information regarding its toxicity, since this plant is widely used in folk medicine for a variety of purposes. Thus, the results found in this work, is to contribute to the literature. Therefore, further studies are needed to help complete construction of the toxicological profile of the essential oil of the plant under study, seeking the safety of the population makes use of this.