Contribuição do método da eletrorresistividade na investigação da possível contaminação por necrochorume em aquíferos fraturados no cemitério Santo Antônio

Abstract

Cemeteries are found near the habitations, villages and cities. Are in potential environmental contaminants and for cultural and religious reasons, their impacts and damage to human health are neglected by the relevant bodies and citizens. The human body, when entering decomposition, becomes an ecosystem of people, consisting of arthropods, bacteria, viruses, pathogenic microorganisms among others. As a consequence of percolation of these elements, happens the formation plumes of contamination in the soil (necrochorume) reaching the aquifer endangering the environment and public health. Environmental agencies and regulatory bodies in countries like Canada, USA and Europe widely use geophysics between research methods for mitigation, detection and characterization in sanitary landfills and cemeteries. In Brazil, few states have adopted these advanced methodologies. The Environmental Company of the State from São Paulo (CETESB) incorporates, among the main investigative methods, the use of electrical resistivity, GPR and electromagnetic in their routines and steps for generating models of groundwater flow and contaminant maps / contaminants in the subsurface. This work aims to detect and demarcate a necrochorume contamination in a fissured aquifer resulting from a necropolis known as Municipal Cemetery Santo Antônio, located in Caçapava do Sul, RS. It is proposed the method of geophysical resistivity obtaining pseudo-sections in depth and 3D views from resistivity profiles (EC) sectioning the major structures of interest (imaging). The results, integrated into a Geographical Information System (GIS), Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and local geology (major discontinuities and failures) will serve as an aid in the detection, analysis and characterization of the probable contaminant levels associated with the water level. They offer also an interpretive model of contaminant flows and zoning of contamination levels on the ground and the whole area covered.