Índices físicos do solo e alterações químicas decorrentes da ocupação por necrópole em Caçapava do Sul – RS

Abstract

Cemeteries are a problem of an environmental and sanitary nature, while at the same time they represent a public need. When poorly planned or installed in inappropriate locations, configure a potential risk of contamination of soils and waters. The physical characteristics of the soil of the area intended for deployment of the necropolis, as infiltration and permeability are important factors to be taken into consideration in the deployment or regularization of cemeteries, since the water that infiltrates into the soil is the main responsible for the transport of possible contaminants. The present study aimed to determine the permeability and chemical quality of the soil in order to compare with resolutions of National Council for the Environment 335/03 and National Council for the Environment 420/09 and determine the coefficient of soil infiltration in the Municipal Cemetery of Caçapava do Sul is a town and municipality located in the central region of the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Seven tests were conducted using a permeâmetro Guelph permeability model 2800. The infiltration coefficient values got via the method of grave 30x30cm described by Brazilian Association of Technical Standards 7229/93, where were also conducted seven trials. For the chemical analysis, we used a spectrometer x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) Bruker brand, model S1 Turbo SD, where samples were analyzed at seven points from four different depths. The results showed permeability ranging from 1,94.10-3 to 5,87.10-6 cm.s-1, being in compliance with the legislation, while the infiltration ranged from 21 to 85 L/m2.d showing absorption ranging from average to low permeability. For the chemical analysis, among the elements analyzed, only cadmium exceeded quality guidelines values.