Desempenho térmico de telhado verde e convencionais: estudo de caso para temperaturas do oeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

Cities develop and populations grow, the demand for thermal conditioning methods has increased significantly. Most of these methods rely on electrical energy, such as air conditioning and fans. To mitigate this reliance and promote sustainability, various passive thermal conditioning methods that do not consume electricity are being researched and developed. In civil engineering, one way to enhance sustainability is through constructing buildings with components that improve users’ thermal comfort. Within this framework, roofs are crucial to analyze due to their significant impact on heat transfer from the outside to the inside of buildings, largely because of direct exposure to UV radiation throughout the day. Consequently, studying the thermal performance of different roofing materials is essential, particularly concerning weather influences. This research aims to evaluate the thermal performance of four distinct roof types under weather conditions, including wind and precipitation, in the city of Alegrete, RS, during summer. Four test cells were established: two with ecologically rated roofs (green roof and ecological tile) and two with conventional roofs (aluzinc tile and fiber cement). The findings indicate that the green roof exhibited the best thermal performance, effectively reducing both surface and internal temperatures in the test cell. The ecological tile and fiber cement showed similar performance, with fiber cement being more cost-effective, while the ecological tile provided enhanced thermal comfort and supported sustainability through its production process.