Desmatamento na Amazônia: um estudo bibliográfico

Abstract

The Legal Amazon is an essential space for the planet, occupying a large part of the northern region of Brazil. It is divided into two parts: the western Amazon, comprising the states of Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia and Roraima, and the eastern Amazon, comprising the states of Pará, Maranhão, Amapá, Mato Grosso and Tocantins. The Amazon rainforest is considered the region with the greatest biodiversity on the planet and the largest biome in Brazil, fundamental for regulating the world's climate, balancing the rainfall cycle, stabilizing temperatures and absorbing large amounts of carbon dioxide, the main gas responsible for global warming. Deforestation in this biome affects several ecosystems around the world, generating severe consequences that may become irreversible. The main agent of this deforestation wave is the human being, who removes native vegetation, due to economic reasons. Fortunately, there are projects developed that carry out protection and conservation activities in the Amazon, where control is obtained over regions that have a high rate of deforestation and burning. The objective of this research is to collect data regarding deforestation in the Legal Amazon from 2000 to 2021, highlighting the most critical periods and future perspectives and, in addition, listing its main causes and consequences, emphasizing the main projects for prevention and control of logging.