Leguminosas utilizadas como forrageira na fronteira oeste do RS

Abstract

Brazilian livestock is in a constant process of modernization, even so much of it still occurs in the extensive system of production. In the West Frontier of RS, it is no different, where the creation is extensive and has the help of the native field. The overseeding of some legume species is a widely used and recommended practice to intensify the productivity of the native field, both in winter and in summer, as they will act as “improvers” of the native field. Among the legumes used in the Western Frontier of RS for this purpose, we can mention clover (Trifolium spp.), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) and vetch (Vicia sativa L.). This study aimed to review the literature on the main forage legumes cultivated in the West Frontier of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, identifying the forage species; describing the morphological and bromatological characteristics; describing recommended management; pointing out the technical recommendations for implantation/cultivation and describing the potential for use, consortium, crop-livestock integration. The four leguminous plants mentioned produce high quality forage, according to research carried out in the Fronteira Oeste region of RS, with bromatological values within the standards, as long as they are managed correctly. The works demonstrated the need to carry out the control of invasive plants, pests and diseases for the good establishment of pastures. Soil preparation and fertilization are also limiting factors for the forage to express its maximum productive potential. The consortium between legumes and grasses allows for pasture enrichment, as it promotes an increase in the production of dry matter and in the chemical composition of the pasture.