Ensino de química por resolução de problemas : interação e construção de conhecimentos com a cultura indígena

Abstract

As of 2008,thoug Law n°11.645/2008, the history of indigenous peoples was included in the curricula of schools, making the study of Afro - Brazillian and indigenous history and culture mandatory. Indigenous culture can be explored and approached in different ways in society due to the richness of its cultural and ethnic diversity. Indigenous tribes worship the tradition of producingg dyes through plants and apply them in their paintings, whether bodily or in their clothing. Currently, many indigenous peoples, in addition to the production of natural dyes, also use artificial dyes for dyeing raw materials. In this course conclusion work, the application of a problem - solving approach methodology was described, usig the theme of dyes in indigenous culture, haviing as object of study an indigenous Guarani community, located in Aceguá - RS. The choice of the theme Dyes was due to the importance of promoting the use of real cases inthe classroom, which address soxial and cultural themes, associating them with science. This intervention was carried out in a 2nd yer high school class at Escola Barão de Aceguá, inthe municipality of Aceguá - RS. The activity took place though the application of problem sittuation related to the question about the use of synthetic dyes in the making of handicrafts of the indigenous ommunity, with an emphasis on seeking alternatives to solve thisproblem. We made use off tools that enabled immersion in the theme, such as the use of investigative questionnaries (pre and psot activities), thematic classes on the subject (remote), pratical classes (face - to -face) for the development of problem solving and visits between the commuty to the school an from the pupils to the village. Therefore, it is considerd that the present methodological proposal contributed to the development of new social and scientific knowledge, aligning it wiht the students previous knowledge, the ability to find ways to understand and solve a probelm situation, and thus contributing to the process of student leaming.