Análise da produção agrícola no COREDE Fronteira Oeste do Rio Grande do Sul, no período de 1970 a 2017, através de métodos de cartografia temática

Abstract

This work seeks to perform a cartographic representation from the data obtained from the Agricultural Census. The census analyzes information related to agricultural establishments and activities developed there. From the data began an analysis of the variation in plantations generated in permanent and temporary crops between 1970 and 2017, according to the Census edition. The studies were conducted under the area of interest, which in this case is Corede Fronteira Oeste, located in the west of Rio Grande do Sul, composed of thirteen municipalities. However during the analysis some munitions do not appear in the data, because in the study period they belonged to their municipalities of creation. In order to determine the types of crops to be used in this work, it was analyzed which ones presented the most relevant values and which, when performing the representation, demonstrated a proportion between the values. It was determined that they would be used to represent the permanent crop: Orange, Peach and Tangerine. For temporary farming: Rice, Cassava, Corn, Soy and Wheat. In addition to these studies, other information was analyzed, such as the classification of properties based on CAR data, based on the number of tax modules it has. By relating this property information along with an image where you can determine the elevation classes of the land, you can understand how the property size is associated with the behavior of the terrain. Another source of information used is the MapBiomas Project data, where they seek to analyze the biomes to generate a historical series of annual land cover and land use maps in Brazil, so maps based on the study area were made. For the creation of the database and its interpretation, the QGis software was used. For the analysis of the types of crops, a vector layer was created for the product type, with the municipalities of the study area and thus, the information contained in the spreadsheets inserted in the Attributes Table of each layer. Regarding the crops produced, rice is the largest crop planted during this period, but some municipalities had a decrease in the amount produced due to municipal organization. For the CAR data the union process was performed between the municipal layer vector layers, in order to classify and interpret the information. MapBiomas data was in raster format. Reprojection of the images and the vectorization process for each of them were performed. After vectorization, classification was made based on the classes defined by MapBiomas.