Qualidade de sementes de azevém comercializadas na fronteira oeste do RS

Abstract

The italian ryegrass is a hibernal forage grass that, due to its adaptability to the cold climate, is one of the most used forages by farmers of the West Frontier of RS in agropastoral systems, providing quantity and quality of pasture during the autumn-winter period. However, pasture formation may be impacted by the poor quality of commercially available seeds, which compromise germination, establishment and forage planning. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the physiological quality of italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) Seed lots marketed in the Rio Grande do Sul West Frontier region, in the 2019/2020 crop, as well as their effects on the establishment and production of Italian ryegrass. For this, eight seed samples were collected in different trade places in the counties of Itaqui and Uruguaiana. Seed quality was evaluated in the laboratory as a response variable by physical purity, first germination count, final germination, sand and soil emergence. Biometric indices were evaluated in experimental area by plant morphological composition, leaf / stem ratio and total dry matter production in Itaqui-RS. The laboratory variables were analyzed in a completely randomized design 8 x 4 (lots x repetition) and randomized blocks in experimental area with the same configuration. It was concluded that the ryegrass seed lots studied do not have the minimum requirements for trade according to the legislation. However, total dry matter yield resulted in an average of 3,9 ton ha-¹, which may be considered good for lowland areas subject to constant water stress. In addition to good supply of leaves in relation to stalks.