Trichoderma sp. no desenvolvimento e produtividade em soja

Abstract

The soybean crop is one of the main crops in Brazil, being sown from North to South of our country. In the State of Rio Grande do Sul it is the main oleaginosa produced and its grain is widely used in industry as well as for export. Increasingly there is a world demand for food and a dependence on mineral fertilizers is very worrying. At present, the search for a more sustainable agriculture has been sought and the use of microorganisms can contribute to the increase of their productivity. Trichoderma are fungi that are naturally present in the soil, promoting the growth of crops and control soil pathogens. The objective of this work was to evaluate the development and productivity of soybean with the use of Trichoderma sp. in seed treatment. The experimental design was a randomized block design with five treatments and four replications. The treatments were thus distributed: (T1) without inoculation of Trichoderma, (T2) inoculated with 100 milliliter of the commercial product of Trichoderma ha¹, (T3) inoculated with 150 milliliter of the commercial product of Trichoderma ha¹, (T4) inoculated with 200 milliliter of commercial Trichoderma product ha¹ (T5) inoculated with 250 milliliter of commercial Trichoderma product ha¹, using cultivar 7262 resistant to glyphosate (RR). The sample units consisted of sampling ten plants from the four central lines, discarding the borders. These plants were used for evaluations of root and shoot size, number of nodules per plant and yield per hectare. The data of the analyzed variables were submitted to analysis of variance and later comparison of means by the Scott-knott test, at a significance level of 5%, using the SISVAR program. The inoculation of the fungus Trichoderma in the soybean seed promoted growth of the soybean shoot of 7.88% in relation to the control without the use of the fungus. The highest soybean yield was in the treatment 10 (T5), with a productivity increase of 1,268 kg / ha higher than the control without the use of Trichoderma.