Avaliação do potencial antioxidante e das características físico-químicas e sensorial de geleia de jambolão (Syzygium cumini Lamarck)

Abstract

The jambolão is a fruit belonging to the family Mirtaceae. This plant originally from Indonesia, China and the West Indies, but adapts to any climate and soil and can be grown in any region. The fruits are small, pale purple and involve a single lump. Stand out to contain different phytochemicals which known for their antioxidant properties, among these are phenolic compounds, of which we highlight the flavonoids, which include chemically anthocyanins and flavonols. Thus, the aim of the research was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity and physic-chemical and sensory pulp and jelly jambolan. Both the pulpa of the fruit in natura as jelly were analyzed according to the following parameters: acidity, pH, moisture, total soluble solids (TSS), total phenolics, total anthocyanins and antioxidant activity. Sensory analysis was also performed jelly, using 75 untrained panelists with hedonic scale of 1 (dislike extremely) to 9 (like extremely) points, which we assessed the attributes odor, color, flavor, sweetness and texture. The average values of physic-chemical determinations for pulp and jelly, respectively were: titratable acidity (0,543 and 0,38% in citric acid), moisture (86,48 and 27,55%) pH (3,64 and 3,24) and total soluble solids (12,06 and 62,66 ºBrix). The average values for the other determinations were for pulp and jelly, respectively: total phenolics (466,39 and 337,73mg of acid gálico.100g-¹), total anthocyanins (84,96 and 41,44mg of cyanidin-3-glucoside.100g-¹) and antioxidant activity (71,98 and 94,16% of inhibition). The results of the sensory analysis showed that all attributes had percentages higher than 80% e 86% of the judges said the certainly would buy the product. Thus, the pulp of the fruit and jelly jambolan has a suitable antioxidant and the phenolic content and anthocyanin. The pulp showed physic-chemical characterization similar to the references found in the literature and jelly proved to be according to the standard required by law. With the acceptance of 86% of the jelly, this showed that the product was accepted by the judges and that is a great alternative of consumption of native fruit, which does not present substantial consumption.