Consumo de alimentos ricos em sódio e alteração dos níveis pressóricos em adolescentes do município de Itaqui, RS

Abstract

The high consumption of fast food by adolescents is directly associated with higher prevalence of chronic diseases in this population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the intake of high-sodium foods, the nutritional profile and the blood pressure, among adolescent students of Itaqui, RS, Brazil. The study included all subjects up to 19 years, enrolled in high public schools in the city. Sociodemographic information, usual intake of high-sodium foods and salt, and about hypertension were obtained through a self administered questionnaire. Weight and height (to determine BMI), waist circumference and systolic and diastolic pressures were measured, with subsequent classification according to the reference values for age. The prevalence of increased blood pressure was 20.0%. There was a positive association between increased blood pressure and overweight (p < 0.001), increased waist circumference (p < 0.001) and consumption of sweet biscuits (p = 0.014). This information can guide the development of educational strategies regarding the intake of high-sodium foods, blood pressure control and to alert these young people about the consequences of hypertension.