O encarceramento da população negra no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos sob uma perspectiva decolonial

Abstract

Mass incarceration is a reality in most prison systems today. The United States of America leads the ranking of the most imprisoned countries in the world, with a prison population of 2.3 million inmates. Brazil comes soon after, occupying the third place on this list, with a population of 800,000 inmates. The present work aims to analyze incarceration of the black population as a state politics of social control of both countries. The socio-historical process that begins with the colonization of South and North America and, using the enslaved African workforce, will be analyzed as a key element for colonialist progress. The structural racism originates from there and will constitute Brazilian and North American society in modernity. In a second moment, it proposes a comparison between the prison systems of Brazil and the United States, in order to understand the order that led them to achieve the status of States with records in incarceration, having as main victims the black and poor communities. It is also the object of this study, the socio-cultural profile of the inmates and the way the justice system of these countries acts against crime and imprisonment. Finally, it proposes a discussion about the release, based on models of alternative prison systems, which invested in the effective resocialization of the prison community. The theoretical reference will be based on authors of decolonial theories, alternatives to epistemological eurocentrism, until then dominant in academic thought.