Efeito da dor muscular de início tardio combinada ou não com um exercício de baixa intensidade na biomecânica de tarefas de salto

Abstract

The delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) can cause reduce joint range of motion and strength, edema and increase joint stiffness. These conditions may affect biomechanical characteristics of movement, increasing risk of injuries and limiting performance. An alternative to reduce these effects are low intensity exercises as a strategy for active recovery. Purpose: To verify whether in a condition of DOMS there are changes in biomechanical characteristics of jump landing after performing a regenerative exercise at low intensity. Material and Methods: 26 healthy participants (15 women) with mean (standard deviation) age 26 (12) years old, body mass 66 (5) kg and height 167 (9) cm visited the laboratory two times, with an interval of 48 hours. In the first visit, the perceived pain and the pain threshold were assessed, in the rectus femoris and vastus lateralis, before and after a protocol, until exhaustion of exercise to induce DOMS in the muscles from the lower extremity and were submitted to a biomechanical evaluation of jump landing (drop, forward and vertical). In the second visit pain was assessed again and the participants were randomized into two groups (n=13 per group): one group was submitted to an intervention performing a low intensity exercise (10 min walking) and the other remained at rest as a control. Then the biomechanical evaluation was repeated. Descriptive statistics and generalized estimative equations were applied to determine the effects of pain and intervention. Results: Perceived pain increased in both the groups immediately after DOMS induction (p<0.001). Intervention group showed reduced pain 48 h after exercise (p<0.001). For both the groups pain threshold increased with DOMS (p<0.001) and decreased 48 h later (p<0.001). In the control group, the pain threshold returned to the basal levels after the rest, while it did not change after the intervention. The knee flexion was lower at initial contact for controls performing vertical jump in condition of DOMS (p<0.001). At the maximal knee flexion, before DOMS induction participants showed larger knee flexion (p<0.001) and dorsiflexion (p<0.001). In the condition of DOMS, time to peak vertical ground reaction force in the drop jump increased for both the groups (p=0.015). Conclusion: DOMS increased pain perception and reduced pain threshold. Jump landing kinematics did not show a clear effect of DOMS, but it affected the landing kinetics in drop jump. A low intensity exercise as a recovery strategy reduces pain perception but did not affect biomechanical characteristics of the movements.