O tema energia e suas transformações: contribuições interdisciplinares para o ensino de ciências da natureza

Abstract

The concept of energy and its transformations are considered, by many researchers, as one of the most important in the sciences. However, proven studies that are considered complex, difficult to understand for students of different educational levels. Most of the time, the concept of Energy and its transformations are treated in an abstract way, disconnected from reality and without any interconnection between the Curricular Components, especially in the area of Natural Sciences. The literature in the area expresses the need for teachers to contextualize and articulate the Curricular Components of Natural Sciences to obtain the favor of understanding how the energy addressed in Chemistry is the same in Physics and Biology, using the same misconceptions. Based on this assumption, a research emerged that guided this research: How is it developed and how can it develop the theme of Energy and its transformations in the Curricular Biochemical Component: Fundamentals of Metabolism, in order to promote meaningful, interdisciplinary and contextualized Learning? In search of an answer, delimit yourself as a general objective: to analyze how the interdisciplinary and contextualized approach to the theme of Energy and its transformations can favor the Meaningful Learning of the students enrolled in Biochemistry: Fundamentals of Metabolism in the Course of Natural Sciences - Licenciatura da UNIPAMPA - Dom Pedrito. The main objectives were: to verify the students' conceptions regarding Energy and its transformations, to approach the interdisciplinary relations of the theme combined with Thermochemistry, Calorimetry and Energy Metabolism, as well as to investigate how Investigative Experimentation can contribute to the Meaningful Learning of the theme . The research was carried out through a Thematic Workshop, based on the concepts of Marcondes (2008) and developed in four Interventions, in which Investigative Experimentation was also used as a resource to approach the aforementioned scientific contents. Supported by a qualitative research, the data collected, through questionnaires prepared based on preliminary studies and from each Intervention, were analyzed in the light of Bardin's assumptions (2009), Content analysis. The development of the Thematic Workshop on Energy and its transformations revealed that interdisciplinarity can be used in an articulated way from Energy and its transformations. It was found that the Investigative Experimentation, unanimously, all used the appropriate scientific equations to estimate the amount of heat contained in the seeds of chestnuts and walnuts, bringing the necessary calculations and conversions for the resolution of the proposition. This research made it possible to deepen the conceptual aspects for both the researcher and the academics. In view of the results, it was found that a contextualized and interdisciplinary approach can favor the understanding of themes considered abstract and complex. Thus, it is expected that this research will contribute to the teaching of Energy and its transformations, not limited to the development of the scientific contents that were addressed, but also in order to exemplify the multiple interdisciplinary and contextualized correlations that can be carried out through a theme.