Avaliação temporal da cultura cafeeira no município de Alfenas - MG e sua relação com o zoneamento ecológico econômico

Abstract

Among the products that are most valued in Brazilian space, coffee stands out, which has been cultivated since the colonial period in a dispersed manner throughout the interior of the states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Paraná and Rio de Janeiro. For surveying, mapping and monitoring of crops and forests is a widely used tool for Remote Sensing (SR). One of its main applications is the vegetation mapping, being used as an alternative for the reduction of costs in the search of data. This study aimed to map and quantify the occupation of coffee areas using remote sensing and geoprocessing techniques in the city of Alfenas / Minas Gerais, and an analysis of the characteristics of coffee to the environment provided by the Ecological and Economic Zoning. For the identification of coffee areas, images from the LANDSAT 8 / OLI (Earth Image) satellite of the years 2015, 2017 and 2018 were used. Digital image processing was performed with SPRING 5.4.3 software, using a RGB colored composition. For the relief study, data were obtained from the SRTM mission, with spatial resolution of 30 meters, which allow a generation of maps of altimetry and slope of the municipality. The results obtained were those that used the geotechnologies applied in the mapping of land use and cover, it was possible to integrate data of coffee cultivation with the slope and vulnerability of the soil, as well as areas at risk of cultivation of the coffee crop. Areas suitable for planting coffee plantations.